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Treatments For ADD – Drugs and Counselling Treatment options for ADD include drugs and counselling. Both are crucial to determine which is more efficient. People with classic ADD are irritable, disorganized and often hyperactive. They lack blood flow in the prefrontal cortex as well as the basal Ganglia. They also have low levels of dopamine. Dopamine levels are usually increased in response to treatment. Stimulants Stimulants speed up the body's systems. They are available as prescription drugs such as amphetamines, methylphenidates and diet aids such as Didrex, Bontril, and Fastin. They can also be illegally used and often mixed with other substances such as methcathinone and cocaine. They are available in the form of syrups, pills or liquids, or patches that are applied to the skin. They increase the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine within the brain's synapses, improving concentration. They also reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity, and improve working memory. They are the most frequently used medication prescribed to people suffering from ADHD. They can trigger side effects such as a decreased appetite, difficulties sleeping, as well as an increase in heart rate or bloodpressure. They may interact with certain medications and medical conditions. It's important to talk to your doctor about any concerns. About 70% to 80% people who are taking ADHD medications will experience a reduction in symptoms. However, not everyone responds to the same medication, and the effects don't always lasting. Certain people find that stimulants don't work for them or they aren't able to handle the negative effects. In this situation doctors will prescribe non-stimulant drugs. These medications aren't as efficient as stimulants, but they do aid in improving attention, focus and control of impulses. Doctors often prescribe these with stimulants to boost their effectiveness. Nonstimulant medications take longer to begin working and don't work as quickly. They don't increase dopamine levels, and they have a different impact on neurotransmitters. Examples include atomoxetine and guanfacine. The most common side effect of these medications is the feeling of drowsiness. However the drowsiness can be decreased by increasing the dose or taking them before the time of sleep. The drowsiness should diminish within several weeks after starting treatment. Antidepressants Most antidepressants change chemicals in the brain, called neurotransmitters. They are classified based on how they affect neurotransmitters, with each class having a variety of medications that work in slightly different ways. These include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), atypical antidepressants, tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Your physician may prescribe a medication belonging to one of these groups to relieve depression or anxiety symptoms. These medicines may not provide immediate relief, since it can take weeks before you can feel the full benefits. You and your doctor will determine which medicine is best for you. They can also add additional medications or combine two antidepressants in order to improve your treatment. This is called an augmentation. The most common augmentation medications are aripiprazole (Abilify), quetiapine (Seroquel) and lithium (Lithobid). Antidepressants can cause a variety of side effects. It's important to talk to your doctor about these side effects, as some may interfere with your daily activities. These effects can be mild or serious dependent on the type of antidepressant you're taking. Inform your doctor if you're taking any other medication, including herbal remedies and over-the-counter drugs like St. John's Wort. SSRIs are the most commonly prescribed antidepressants and are believed to have less adverse effects than other types of antidepressants. The SSRIs include fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine (Paxil, Pexeva) and sertraline (Zoloft). The SNRIs increase levels of serotonin and norepinephrine within the brain. This is the reason they're believed to be more effective than SSRIs. They also have a shorter half-life, and are less likely than SSRIs to interact with other medications. SNRIs are duloxetine, (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor). Atypical antidepressants are utilized to boost your energy levels, helping you to feel more awake. They could be helpful for people who have anxiety or insomnia that is very severe. Bupropion (Wellbutrin and Zyban) and mirtazapine are two of the most popular. These medications can cause jitteriness or insomnia however they can be beneficial for people suffering from depression, ADHD, and anxiety. These drugs are also used to treat bulimia and to help smokers quit. Cognitive therapy for behavioural problems Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based treatment for mental health disorders. It is based on the notion that feelings, thoughts and actions are interconnected and can be altered. CBT is an approach that is short-term and goal-oriented that helps you discover new methods to manage negative thoughts and stressors. It can also be used to treat anxiety, depression and bipolar disorder. The aim of CBT is to transform negative thoughts into positive emotions and behaviours. The method is an amalgamation of two treatments that include cognitive therapy and behavior therapy. This kind of psychotherapy is usually short-term, and can be carried out either in a group setting or on an individual basis. You will be taught different techniques by a therapist, and then you'll apply them in your everyday life. Some of these techniques include: learning to recognize your negative automatic thoughts, practicing mindfulness meditation and keeping a mental journal. A therapist can assist you in identifying negative thoughts that can lead you to engage in maladaptive behavior and teach you how to change these thoughts. They'll also teach you problem-solving techniques to help you face challenges in your day-to-day life. CBT therapists will encourage you to set SMART goals in order to aid you to keep track of your progress. Although each type of cognitive behavioral therapy takes an approach that is slightly different, they all focus on identifying the fundamental thoughts that cause emotional distress and transforming them. The therapists use a variety of methods, but they are all built on the principles of operant and classical conditioning, which involve associating stimuli with their effects. While you are in treatment, you will be rewarded for working through tasks. Additionally, you will be punished for failing to complete the task. During the first few sessions the therapist will assist you to identify problematic behaviors and replace them with healthy ones. They may also assign homework to help you develop the techniques. treatment for adhd in adults could require anywhere from six to twenty one-on-one sessions, based on the severity and nature of your condition. CBT is effective in treating a range of disorders, including anxiety, depression and post-traumatic disorder (PTSD). It can also be effective for adult ADHD that affects people as young as seven. Counseling Counselling is a form of psychotherapy that consists of planned, regular meetings with the therapist (counsellor) to discuss your problems. Typically, these sessions last about 50 minutes. They can be conducted face-to-face or in groups. They can also be conducted via telephone. Counselling can assist people suffering from various mental health issues, including schizophrenia, depression and bipolar disorder. It can also be used to discuss relationships, friendships and family issues – as well as work-related difficulties. A counselor will pay attention to your problems and offer an objective perspective. They will be able identify patterns of behavior and suggest ways to alter them. They can teach you coping strategies and techniques for managing depression, anxiety, or stress. They can assist you in dealing with major life changes, such as divorce or the loss of a beloved. They can also teach you how to deal with addictions or chronic illnesses. Some counsellors charge fees for their services, whereas others may be covered by Medicare rebates in the event that you have a mental health care plan from your doctor.